by: Huzaifa Ali
Many widely used languages that came after C such
as C#, PHP, Java, LPC, JavaScript and Unix's Shell are directly or indirectly
influenced by C. Syntactical has been the most permeating influence in that all
of the languages mentioned above come together with, more or less recognizably,
expression syntax of C and the statement. On the other hand, data models, type
systems, and/or large scale program structures are different, sometimes
radically, from those of C. It continues to be one of the most influential
languages in the world, for the most part in the sphere of embedded systems.
C++ and Objective C:
With the popularity of object oriented languages, it were C++ and
Objective C that were two different extensions of C and the ones that provided
objective oriented efficacies. Both of the languages were initially put into
effect as source to source compilers, that is to say that source code was
translated into C, and then compiled with a C compiler.
C++:
To make available object oriented
functionality with syntax similar to C, Bjarne Stroustrup worked out the C++
programming language as one approach as C++ puts in superior scoping, typing
strength, and other tools that are helpful in object-oriented programming and
allows generic programming by means of templates. Almost a superset of C, C++
now braces most of C, with a few exemptions though.
Objective C:
Originally Objective C was quite a thin
layer on top of C which allows object oriented programming by means of hybrid
dynamic or static typing prototype. It still is a firm superset of C. Besides C
from which Objective C inherits syntax that engrosses preprocessing,
expressions, function declarations, and function calls, Objective C originally
took the syntax for object oriented features from Smalltalk.
D:
The D language, which, in contrast to C++
that upholds just about entire backward compatibility with C, makes a clean
split with C and at the same time, preserves the same broad spectrum syntax.
What D does is dispose of a number of features of C, such as the C preprocessor
and trigraphs, that the designer of D, Walter Bright, thought of as not
necessary. However, not all, but some of D's extensions to C have some in
common with those of C++.
Python:
One of the most important examples of a scripting language that has
its origins deep in C is of Python. Although, Python's syntax is not the same
as of C, it itself is written in C. Moreover, Python's being an open source
program enables the programmers to expand Python with C, or embed it into
programs that written in C. It is also due to the close connection with C that
Python enjoys its success as a general use programming language.
Perl:
Another example is of Perl. Perl is different from
Python in that its syntax closely follows the syntax of C. Moreover, not only
Perl is written in C, it works quite fine with programs that have C extensions.